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[stag_toggle style=”normal” title=”Detalii despre piesă” state=”closed”]Carton de tapiserie
”Intrarea triumfală în Roma a împăratului Vespasian și a lui Titus”
Atelier Erulo Eroli (1854 – 1916), Roma
pictură pe rips de bumbac
1913
277/266 cm[/stag_toggle]

"Triumphal entry into Rome of Emperor Vespasian and Titus" is part of the series of tapestries with a historical subject, "The Conquest of Judea by Vespasian and Titus". The series, consisting of 6 works (2 tapestries and 4 tapestry cartons), was executed in the workshop of Erulo Eroli in Rome, in 1913. The tapestries are part of the wall decoration of the corridor of the Staircase of Honor on the first floor of the castle.

The theme of the 6 pieces, arranged clockwise, represents the events of the First Jewish-Roman War (66-73 AD), in chronological order. Sometimes called the Great Revolt of the Jews, it was one of three major revolts of the Jews in the province of Judea against the Roman Empire. The revolt began in 66 AD, having its origins in tensions between Greeks and religious Jews. The conflict grew due to anti-tax protests and attacks on Roman citizens. In 67 AD, Vespasian was entrusted by Emperor Nero with the task of suppressing the revolt. Two years later he was proclaimed emperor, and his son, Titus, was tasked with taking command of the armies. In August 70 AD, Titus conquered Jerusalem, and in 72-73 AD ended the war in Judea, which was reorganized as an independent province.

Erulo Eroli, pictor italian și creator de tapiserii, s-a născut la 27 februarie 1854 și s-a stins din viață la 13 decembrie 1916, la Roma. În tinerețe studiase artele frumoase, cu precădere pictura, la școala pontificală din Roma. În atelierul deschis de Eroli în anul 1875, pe lângă tablourile cu subiecte religioase, a început să creeze tapiserii și cartoane pregătitoare pentru tapiserii, împreună cu o serie de artiști provenind din atelierele pontificale. Va câștiga mai multe premii din partea Ministerului Instrucțiunii Publice din Italia pentru operele create în timpul studiilor.

Throughout his years of study, Eroli increasingly specialized in the tapestry technique. He frequently participated in numerous national and international exhibitions, winning significant awards. His works were acquired by private collectors as well as museums in his native country.

He will participate, in 1883, at the Exposition of Fine Arts in Rome, being the first important appearance of his professional life. A few years later, in 1887, he will be awarded the silver medal for the tapestry exhibited at the Museum of Industrial Art in Rome.

Eroli's activity was very rich and varied, extending across several fields. He was involved in various artistic organizations, such as that of watercolorists, of which he was president between 1907 and 1911. In 1892, he became a member of the International Artistic Association, and in 1903 he was among the founding members of the Union of Italian Artists.

Erulo Eroli lucrează ca pictor, dar îşi intensifică activitatea în domeniul tapiseriei, prin recuperarea unor procedee tradiţionale de creare a unor cartoane pregătitoare pentru execuţia tapiseriilor. Începând cu anul 1900, primeşte comenzi de anvergură în domeniul tapiseriei, prima reprezentând-o panourile pentru foaierul teatrului din Buenos Aires.

The artist Erulo Eroli's international recognition will only take place in 1891, when he wins the gold medal at the International Exhibition in Antwerp. With the award of this medal, significant orders for tapestries begin. The first important order came from Prince Colonna, the mayor of Rome, for the execution of about 25 tapestries with historical subjects inspired by ancient Rome, to be displayed on the balconies of the town hall and the museums on the Capitol.

King Carol I came into contact with Erulo Eroli through one of the royal suppliers, the Italian Pietro Axerio, who was in charge of designing the interiors of Peleș Castle. The fame and recognition that the artist enjoyed led the King of Romania to entrust him with the execution of a series of tapestries for the summer residence in Sinaia. In 1913, Eroli received the order from the Romanian Royal Administration, the chosen subject being the conquest of Judea by the Romans. The decoration of the tapestries was inspired by the bas-reliefs of the Arch of Titus in Rome, glorifying the brave deeds of the two warriors, Vespasian and Titus.

Cartonul de tapiserie, pictat pe rips de bumbac, în genul tapiseriilor Aubusson,  reprezintă intrarea triumfală a împăratului Vespasian și a lui Titus în Roma, după cucerirea Ierusalimului. Cei doi eroi se află într-un car triumfal, în cortegiu, în fața Panteonului, fiind aclamați de cei prezenți. De jur împrejurul lor, soldați romani ce poartă obiectele jefuite din Templul Ierusalimului, printre care sfeșnicul/menorah cu șapte brațe, din aur, executat de Moise și masa sfântă a celor 12 pîini. Templul, care reprezenta unitatea spirituală a iudeilor, a pierit în jaf și incediu, odată cu întregul oraș Ierusalim. Toate obiectele din templu au luat calea Romei pentru a fi expuse pe timpul ceremoniei de triumf în onoarea lui Titus. Întreaga scenă este încadrată, superior și inferior, de o amplă bordură cu ruban floral-vegetal și vase cu fructe – simbolistica abundenței, iar superior în medalion un cartuș cu inscripția ”HISTORIA. TITI. ET. VESPASIANI”. Cromatica piesei este formată din tonuri de roșu, griuri colorate, nuanțe de verde și maron.

Izabela Török, curator

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